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■ (SPEC) Iris planifolia (Miller) Fiori & Paoletti

17YY, Botanical author Philip Miller

Iris planifolia (Miller) Fiori & Paol. (collected Adriano Fiori and G. Paoletti, 1896-1908); Subgenus Scorpiris, (Juno) Fiori & Paoletti in Flora Analytica d'Italia; recognized this as the genus Iris from Millers original entry of Xiphium planifolium. For many years this was known under the synonym. Iris alata Poiret; as recorded in 1939 checklist. alata. (Jean Louis Marie Poiret, 1789, Spain, Sicily, N. Africa); Juno; 4-6" (10-15 cm); B1L; 1-3 bluish violet flowers, with darker veining around yellow crest;

See below:

AlataEdwardsBotReg1876.jpgAlataGartenflora.jpgAlataTheGarden.jpgDykes plate XVLIII alata.jpgIris-planifolia-11.jpgIris-planifolia-21.jpgIris-planifolia-41.jpgIris-planifolia-51.jpgIris-planifolia-61.jpgIris-planifolia-71.jpgIris Scorpioides 211.jpgirisplanifoliaalb01i.jpgirisplanifoliacollandalusien01.jpgPlanifolia-Pink-T-Hall.jpgPlanifolia-T-Hall.jpgPlanifolia-Toolan.jpgplanifolia bot mag plate 6352.jpg

References

John Gilbert Baker gave the following notes in Bot. Mag.
* Genus Xiphion, Tournef. (Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. vol. xvi. p. 122.) Xiphion (Juno) planifolium ; bulbo magno ovoideo, tunicis bmmieis membrana ceis, foliis productis 5-6 lanceolatis suberectis acuminatis, spathse sessilis ssepissime unifloris valvis magnis lanceolatis, periantbii lilacini tubo 2-4-pollicari, limbi segmentis exterioribus oblongo-cuneatis obtusis 2-;j poll, longis supra medium falcatis infra medium aurantiaco-carinatis segmentis interi-oribus multo minoribus patulis oblanceolatis unguieulatis, stigmatibus magnis periantbii segmentis exterioribus suba^quilongis, capsula oblonga in centra foliorum sessibl, seminibus globosis testa brunnea.
* X. planifolium, Miller in Garcl. Diet. edit. vi. ; Baker in Journ. Linn. Soe. vol. xvi. p. 123. Iris alata, Point, Voy. Barb. vol. ii. p. 86 ; Bot. Reg. t. 1876. I. scorpioides, Desf. Fl. Atlant. vol. i. p. 40, t. 6 ; Bed. Lil. t. 211. I. transtagana, Brotero, Fl. Lusit. vol. i. p. 52. I. trialata, Brotero, Phyt. Lusit. vol. ii. p. 44, t. ( .).">. I. microptera, Valil, Enum. vol. ii. p. 142.
* This is a most peculiar and unique Irid. It has very large generally single delicate lilac flowers, that rise without any stem from the centre of a number of leaves, the showy part of the flower being made up of the large stigmas and large outer segments of the perianth, the three inner segments being very small and spreading from the top of the long perianth-tube. It is widely spread through the south of Europe, extending from Portugal to Sicily, and reappearing across the Mediterranean. As it flowers from September to January, it can only be satisfactorily grown in England under cover, and lately it has been imported and sold in considerable quantity to be grown in coloured glasses on mantelpieces and in windows, like hyacinths. It has been known to botanists for the last two hundred years, and there is perhaps hardly any other bulbous plant that has received so many different names, as it has had six different specific names, and the small group of bulbous Irises to which it belongs has been characterised as a genus five times by as many different authorities. The specimen drawn was flowered at Kew at the end of last December, and was received from Mr. T. S. Ware, of Tottenham.

Descr. Bulb ovoid, one or two inches in diameter, with brown membranous tunics and a tuft of four or five fleshy cylindrical white root-fibres. Produced leaves five or six, contemporary with the flowers, lanceolate, acuminate, suberect, about half a foot long, narrowed from near the base gradually to the point, moderately firm in texture. Stem none above the soil, so that the usually one-flowered spathe is sessile in the centre of the rosette of leaves. Spathe valves lanceolate, membranous, two to four inches long. Perianth delicate lilac with darker blotches; tube cylindrical, three to six inches long; outer segments of the limb obovate-cuneate, two or three inches long, reflexing considerably above the middle, keeled with bright yellow, not bearded ; inner segments of the limb about an inch long, oblanceolate unguioulate, spreading from the top of the tube. Stigmas with their large dimidiate-oblong toothed crests nearly as long as the outer segments of the perianth. Anthers yellowish, about as long as the free filaments. Capsule oblong, sessile like that of Colchicum on the surface of the soil in the centre of the leaves. Seeds brown, as large as a pea. — J. G. Baker.
Voy. Barb. 2: 86.1789;
Hocker 1936; Orp. 1930; 1938;
Desfontaines, R.L., Flora Atlantica, vol. 1: t. 6 (1798)
Redouté, P.J., Les Liliacées, 1808, Tome IV, n° 211+ description by De Candolle.
Edwards’s Botanical Register, vol. 22: t. 1876 (1836) (S.A. Drake)
The garden. An illustrated weekly journal of horticulture in all its branches [ed. William Robinson], vol. 14: t. 156, fig. 1 (1878)
Gartenflora [E. von Regel], vol. 40: t. 1351, fig. 4 (1891)
In the following catalogs; Krel. 1875; 1913; Van T. 1900; Grull. 1907; Wal. 1913;
Dykes The Genus Iris 194. 1913, illustrated in color;

Synonyms

Iris Scorpionne; Scorpion Iris; Coresanth alata, Klatt; Costia scorpioides, Alef.; Juno planifolia, Aschers.; Juno scorpioides, Tratt; Iris microptera, Vahl; Neubeckia scorpioides, Alef.; Iris planifolia, Fiori; Iris scorpioides, Desfont.; Thelsia alata, Parl.;Iris trialata, Brot.; Iris transtagana, Brot.; Xiphium alatum, Baker; Xiphium planifolium, Mill.; This Iris is mentioned by Clusius as bulbosa latifolia (Hisp. Hist. Antwerp 1576, seen near Cordova, Spain). Slight almond fragrance.

Chromosome counts

2n=24, Surugli 1982. Now Iris planifolia (Miller) Fiori & Paol.; 2n=24 Simonet 1932; 2n=24 Ricci 1971; 2n=24 Garberi 1972; 2n=24 Ruiz Rejon 1974; 2n=24 Scrugli 1982; 2n=24 Colasante & Vosa 1981; 2n=24, Pérez & Pastor, 1994;

Variations

Iris planifolia cultivars: 'Alata Alba' 'Alata Amethyst' 'Alata Dark Form' 'Alata Delicata' 'Lilacina' 'Speciosa' 'Speciosissima'

Hybrids

non recorded

Distribution and Cultivation


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-- Main.RPries - 2010-04-20
I Attachment Action Size Date Who CommentSorted ascending
Iris-planifolia-41.jpgjpg Iris-planifolia-41.jpg manage 65 K 18 Jan 2015 - 19:08 BobPries  
Iris_Scorpioides_211.jpgjpg Iris_Scorpioides_211.jpg manage 51 K 12 Dec 2014 - 18:58 BobPries Biodiversity Heritage Library
AlataTheGarden.jpgjpg AlataTheGarden.jpg manage 200 K 02 Aug 2016 - 12:54 BobPries Courtesy of The Biodiversity Heritage Library
AlataEdwardsBotReg1876.jpgjpg AlataEdwardsBotReg1876.jpg manage 117 K 02 Aug 2016 - 16:11 BobPries Edwards Botanical Register
planifolia_bot_mag_plate_6352.jpgjpg planifolia_bot_mag_plate_6352.jpg manage 190 K 26 Sep 2013 - 14:39 BobPries From Biodiversity Heritage Library
Dykes_plate_XVLIII_alata.jpgjpg Dykes_plate_XVLIII_alata.jpg manage 52 K 04 Jan 2011 - 16:14 UnknownUser From Dykes The Genus Iris
AlataGartenflora.jpgjpg AlataGartenflora.jpg manage 139 K 02 Aug 2016 - 16:06 BobPries From Gartenflora
Iris-planifolia-11.jpgjpg Iris-planifolia-11.jpg manage 95 K 18 Jan 2015 - 19:01 BobPries Hans Achilles photo
Iris-planifolia-21.jpgjpg Iris-planifolia-21.jpg manage 89 K 18 Jan 2015 - 19:03 BobPries Hans Achilles photo
Iris-planifolia-51.jpgjpg Iris-planifolia-51.jpg manage 51 K 18 Jan 2015 - 19:09 BobPries Hans Achilles photo
Iris-planifolia-61.jpgjpg Iris-planifolia-61.jpg manage 104 K 18 Jan 2015 - 19:12 BobPries Ken Walker photo
Planifolia-Toolan.jpgjpg Planifolia-Toolan.jpg manage 304 K 18 Jan 2015 - 19:06 BobPries Patricia Toolan photo
irisplanifoliaalb01i.jpgjpg irisplanifoliaalb01i.jpg manage 58 K 08 Oct 2014 - 15:46 Main.TLaurin Photo by Kirsten Andersen-alpines.dk-Denmark
irisplanifoliacollandalusien01.jpgjpg irisplanifoliacollandalusien01.jpg manage 53 K 08 Oct 2014 - 15:43 Main.TLaurin Photo by Kirsten Andersen-alpines.dk-Denmark
Iris-planifolia-71.jpgjpg Iris-planifolia-71.jpg manage 99 K 18 Jan 2015 - 19:14 BobPries Tony Hall photo
Planifolia-T-Hall.jpgjpg Planifolia-T-Hall.jpg manage 167 K 18 Jan 2015 - 19:17 BobPries Tony Hall photo
Planifolia-Pink-T-Hall.jpgjpg Planifolia-Pink-T-Hall.jpg manage 150 K 18 Jan 2015 - 19:22 BobPries Tony Hall photo rare pink Morrocan Form
Topic revision: r12 - 28 Dec 2017, af.83
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